Though the forest products industry as a whole may stand to gain, climate change will impact companies and investments differently based on the location of the forests, mills, and markets, the vertical integration of assets, and the sustainability of forest operations. This figure illustrates these risks and opportunities in a qualitative way with respect to their potential financial impact and the level of certainty.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions intensity—the level of CO2 emissions per unit of economic output—varies widely across countries, reflecting differences in economic structure, energy efficiency, and fuel mix. For example, among the major emitters, CO2 intensity varies almost sixfold—from 204 tonnes per million international dollars (PPP) gross domestic product (GDP) in France, to 1,124 tonnes in Ukraine.

Only a handful of the countries with the largest total emissions also rank among those with the highest per capita emissions. Estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita for the top 10 emitters and the top 10 per capita emitters for 2006 are shown here. However, for some countries, per capita emissions vary significantly when CO2 from land-use change and forestry and non-CO2 gases are taken into account. Although per capita emissions are generally higher in wealthier countries, there are notable and diverse exceptions.

COAL
The top 25 GHG emitting countries collectively account for approximately 92 percent of global coal consumption (BP, 2009). Coal mining and use is highly concentrated. Five countries account for nearly three-quarters of worldwide consumption. Unlike oil and to some extent natural gas, most coal is consumed domestically.

OIL